What are the basic layers of tears that are affected in dry eye syndrome?

The basic layers of tears that are affected in dry eye syndrome include the oil, water, and mucus layers. Each of these layers serves a critical function in maintaining eye health.

The oil layer, produced by the meibomian glands, prevents evaporation of the tear film, keeping the eye moist and comfortable. The water layer, which makes up the bulk of tears, provides hydration and nutrients while facilitating the removal of debris and potential irritants. The mucus layer ensures that tears spread evenly over the surface of the eye, enhancing the lubrication process and helping the tears adhere to the eye.

In dry eye syndrome, these layers can become imbalanced, leading to insufficient moisture and lubrication, which causes discomfort and can result in damage to the ocular surface. Understanding the components of the tear layers is essential for diagnosing and effectively treating dry eye conditions.