What virus is known for causing AIDS?

The virus that is known for causing AIDS (Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome) is the Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV). HIV targets the immune system, specifically attacking CD4 cells, which are crucial for maintaining the body's ability to fight infections. Over time, if untreated, HIV can lead to the progressive decline of the immune system, resulting in AIDS, characterized by the body’s inability to combat opportunistic infections and diseases.

HIV is unique in its structure and replication process, which allows it to evade the immune system to some extent and persist in the body. The understanding of HIV has led to significant advances in medical treatment, allowing many individuals living with the virus to maintain a healthy life through antiretroviral therapy, which can effectively manage the virus and prevent the onset of AIDS.

The other viruses listed do not cause AIDS. For instance, the hepatitis viruses primarily affect the liver and can lead to severe liver disease but are unrelated to AIDS. The influenza virus is responsible for respiratory illnesses like the flu, while the herpes simplex virus causes herpes infections. Each virus has its own distinct pathology and set of diseases it causes, making HIV the specific virus connected with AIDS.