Who invented the first permanent wave machine and patented "artificial eyelashes"?

The first permanent wave machine was invented by Charles Nessler, who was a pioneering figure in the beauty industry. His invention revolutionized hairstyling by allowing for the creation of lasting curls through a method that involved the use of heat and chemical solutions. This innovation marked a significant advancement in hair treatment, paving the way for many modern hairstyling techniques.

Additionally, Charles Nessler also patented artificial eyelashes, further contributing to the beauty industry. His work established foundational techniques that are still relevant today in both hairstyling and cosmetics. This integration of technology and beauty enhanced the options available for individuals seeking to change or enhance their appearance, solidifying Nessler's legacy in the field.

In contrast, other figures mentioned, although influential in cosmetics and film (such as D.W. Griffith, Max Factor, and Maybelline), did not invent the permanent wave machine or hold patents for artificial eyelashes. Therefore, Nessler stands out as the significant inventor associated with these innovations.